Source Apportionment and Toxicity of PM in Urban, Sub-Urban, and Rural Air Quality Network Stations in Catalonia
نویسندگان
چکیده
Air quality indicators, i.e., PM10, NO2, O3, benzo[a]pyrene, and several organic tracer compounds were evaluated in an urban traffic station, a sub-urban background rural station of the air network Catalonia (Spain) from summer to winter 2019. The main sources that contribute aerosol PM toxicity determined. Traffic-related pollution dominated while biomass burning secondary (SOA) impact stations. Health risk assessment for chronic exposure over past decade, using WHO standards, showed PM10 benzo[a]pyrene emissions pose unacceptable human population station. unacceptably high Toxicity tests extracts with epithelial lung cells higher wintertime samples stations, compared These results require different mitigation strategies sites order improve quality. In areas, are still dominating quality, despite improvements last years, may directly be responsible part SOA O3 levels areas. these later local essentially colder period year.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Atmosphere
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2073-4433']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12060744